Applied Sciences Research Periodicals

Pediatric Patients’ Radiation Dose Assessment During Routine Chest X-ray Procedure in Some Selected Centres in Kebbi State

Buhari Samaila, Buhari Maidamma — Thu, 26 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0100

Pediatric X-ray examination is a problematic procedure from the point of view of the amount of radiation delivered. The children have a higher potential of developing cancer when compared with adults receiving same amount of radiation. The longer life span in children gives room for any toxic effects of radiation dose to appear. The present study aimed at assessing the entrance skin dose (ESD) of children undergoing routine chest x-ray at Koko general hospital and Federal Medical Centre Birnin Kebbi. A total of 75 patients were enrolled in this study. ESD was assessed for posterio-anterior (PA) chest projections. In each projection, the patient’s data (such as Sex & Age) and exposure factors were collected prospectively on a data collection form designed. An indirect method was employed to determine ESD for each patient. The mean ESD results obtained at the age of 0-10 years in this research were found to be 1.41mGy & 0.42 mGy, and 1.78 mGy & 0.63mGy at the age of 10-16 years for Koko and FMC respectively. Similarly, reference dose levels obtained were found to be 1.60 & 0.48 for 0-10 years and 1.68 & 0.75 for 10-16 years respectively for Koko and FMC. The mean ESD Value of Koko is greatly high compared to FMC results. The results presented in this research were remarkably higher than those reported in the literature except for a few studies that recorded higher value than the result reported in this study with factor of 4.09 mGy & 5.24 mGy for 10-16 years and 1.99mGy & 2.98 mGy for 0-10 years. The Diagnostic Reference Levels were below the value reported in the literature for both age groups. Koko Centre recorded the highest value of DRLs and ESD, this may likely occur as a result of variations of exposure factors.

Evaluation of Wheat Genotypes Against Russian Wheat Aphid, Diuraphis Noxia (RWA) Under Irrigated Condition in Ethiopia

Shumi Regassa Gemeda — Thu, 26 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0100

Among the many constraints for wheat production, Russian wheat aphids/ RWA cause severe damage by their feeding and by virus transmission. Wheat wild relatives and landraces are potential sources of resistance to aphids. Formerly research result found that RWA populations originated from Chile, Czech Republic and Ethiopia were virulent to Dn4 ,which is the resistance gene most widely deployed in wheat cultivars, however,Dn6 so far persists to be effective. Hence this study designed for the identification of moderately resistance of xxx bread wheat/Triticum aestivum genotypes at kulumsa, South Eastern Ethiopia. The present study conducted during 2021 and 2022 using irrigation water suggested two genotypes( 5010 and 8390) as MR/Moderately resistant candidate compared to wane/check, AS compared to the Moderately susceptible/MS check Balcha, nine as MS/moderately susceptible(204379, 231632, 204379, 230687,5022,231832,235037,234250 and 5694) bread wheat genotypes which are as a candidate as a source of resistance to Russian wheat aphids for future wheat breeding Programme in addition to other protocols to be investigated i.e.; green house, genotyping using known markers, investigating their physio chemical quality parameters.

Fractals in Music and the Hypothalamus

Alicia Garcia-Falgueras — Thu, 26 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0100

A fractal is a mathematical shape that is infinitely complex, while its pattern repeats endlessly. Regardless of how zoomed in or zoomed out the analyses is achieved, the segment to study looks very similar in every part of the fractal to the whole picture. Nature is written in fractal language and in its logarithmic or exponential formulas. In this paper we will briefly study some linear and temporal fractals which might happen commonly for some hypothalamic functions and some parameters of music.

The Use and Capacity of Physical Facilities at the Correctional Service Centres in Oyo State, Nigeria

Eyitayo Olaleye, Folashade Adigun, Afolabi A. Adedibu, Jacob Oluwoye — Thu, 26 Oct 2023 00:00:00 +0100

The literature is extensive of the poor provision of welfare services to inmates in most Nigerian correctional facilities. As a result, this study examines the conditions and quality of correctional facilities in Oyo State, Nigeria with a view to suggesting practical measures to improve the conditions of the facilities particularly in the State and, by extension, the Nigerian correctional facilities in general. Data on the carrying capacities of the correctional facilities were obtained from official records in the sampled correctional centres while data on the conditions of the correctional facilities were collected with the aid of semi-structured questionnaires which were administered among 150 correctional officers across the correctional centres in Ibadan, Oyo and Ogbomoso. Nevertheless, only physical correctional facilities were examined. They include facilities in the provision and maintenance of hygiene & health, water supply, sanitation, space & quarters, and kitchen & preparation of meals. The findings showed that inmate population in Ibadan correctional centre had exceeded its official capacity, resulting in unhealthy impact on the facilities in the centre. The Oyo correctional centre has a fair outlook in the conditions of its facilities. In contrast, the Ogbomoso correction centre has an impressive performance in the availability and utilization of the facilities. The ANOVA results suggested that, with f-statistic as 12.63, f-critical as 3.46 and p-value as 0.00, the conditions of correctional facilities vary significantly across the locations. Based on the findings, it is recommended that government should improve cooperative mechanisms among criminal justice agencies so that case backlogs can be cleared in due course and pressure on the correctional facilities is relieved by joint action.