Applied Sciences Research Periodicals

Mathematical Relation between a Particle and a Wave

Ravi Kumar Chanana — Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

As the title suggests, wave-particle relationship in photons or electrons in materials is described in this short communication through differential calculus.

Concerning Alzheimer's: Potentially Promising Natural Remedies for Treating this Disease

Manfred Doepp — Thu, 20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Within the various attempts to treat Alzheimer's disease, the focus is mainly on the pathological proteins Beta-Amyloid and Tau Protein. The successes to date have been insufficient. The question arises as to whether there could be underlying causes of these pathogenic processes that can be treated with natural or endogenous substances. Potential causes and natural remedies are listed. They enable a broader, promising and low-side-effect approach to the topic.

Differentiation of Legionella pneumophila and Non-Legionella pneumophila Species by a Multiplex PCR Method

Majid A. Bamaga — Thu, 20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Molecular techniques can be utilized as a rapid method to detect Legionella species in water samples with high accuracy. This study aimed to investigate the presence of Legionella species, including Legionella pneumophila, in environmental water samples using both culturing and molecular techniques. A total of 23 water samples were cultured on buffered charcoal yeast extract (BCYE) agar, with all samples (100%) showing bacterial growth. The samples were then analyzed by multiplex PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene and the L. pneumophila-specific Lpmip gene. Results revealed that 10 samples (43.5%) tested positive for the 16S rRNA gene, indicating the presence of Legionella species, while 6 samples (26.1%) tested positive for the L. pneumophila Lpmip gene. These findings highlight the prevalence of Legionella species in the samples, but also suggest a discrepancy between culture-based detection and molecular identification, with a lower proportion of samples testing positive for L. pneumophila. The study emphasizes the importance of using both culture and PCR methods for comprehensive detection and identification of Legionella species, as culture alone may not fully reflect the diversity of Legionella in environmental water sources

What can the Central European Cultural Area Give Mankind?

Manfred Doepp — Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0000

All cultures of peoples have contributed to the cultural history of mankind, more or less. We are currently experiencing a changing world in which many valuable things seem to be getting lost. It therefore makes sense to reflect on the important positive contributions of different cultural areas. This is about Central Europe, i.e. German-speaking countries. A large number of exponents are presented with their contributions to music, philosophy, literature, enlightenment and spirituality. It is noticeable that the period between the Middle Ages and modern times stands out, characterized by terms such as classicism, romanticism, idealism and humanism. The permeation of nature by the divine spirit is particularly striking, as is the love of nature. This stands in contrast to the materialism that currently prevails. A return to the values of this important period in Central Europe seems valuable.

On the Use of the ‘Relativistic’ Photon Momentum in the Massive Photon Scattering Model

Barbaro Q Leyva — Mon, 17 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0000

A massive photon scattering model considering the photon ‘relativistic’ momentum as described by the special theory of relativity (STR) was presented. The photon rest mass obtained in this way is about 2E-31kg for the quantum mechanical (QM) photon momentum model and about 4E-32 kg for the STR momentum model. When the photon and the electron masses are determined simultaneously from the experimental data, the average electron rest mass obtained was only about 0.5% (relative error) different from the well- known electron rest mass when using the QM photon momentum and about 10% when using the STR momentum. The obtained average photon rest mass for the QM model was ~8.9E-32 kg and ~3.7E-32 kg for the model using the photon relativistic momentum. Note that the obtained photon rest mass values are very large when compared with common upper bounds reported in the literature and are inside the range of the dark photon mass needed for some cosmological (gravitational) models and are also inside the mass range of some current experimental dark photon search.

Sustainable Warehouse Management

Areej Mohammed Sharkasi — Sun, 09 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This review summarizes the findings of 20 studies which overall topics are about sustainability in warehouse management. The studies involve a variety of strategies and practices that mainly focus on optimizing social and environmental outcomes within warehouse operations. They explain the importance and benefits that are relevant to the three domains of sustainability in warehouses: environmental, economic and social domains. A comprehensive investigation is conducted to find out relevant strategies, models and practices to ensure that the subject is covered thoroughly. The findings suggest a thorough framework of green strategies integrating energy-efficiency measures and solutions that focus on diminishing the environmental strain on logistics sites. Other findings also show that data driven decision-making frameworks improve sustainable inventory management practices. Significantly, research find enhancement in operational efficiency can be done by the implementation of green supply chain management strategies in logistics warehouses. These implementations can also support the sustainable development of practices while lowering costs. Most of these practices deal with energy conservation, the effect of warehouse construction on the environment. In most of the studies, the researchers suggest the possibility of future research that can focus on the impact of big data and its role in optimizing operational efficiency as well as enhancing decision-making in sustainable warehousing. There is also an urgent need to conduct more studies into the various sustainable management practices in warehouses to reduce their environmental footprint.

Exploring the Tendencies in Open-Access Research in Humanitarian Logistics: A Bibliometric Analysis

Onuralp Özdek, Prof. Dr. Erkut Akkartal — Sun, 09 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The paper will focus on Humanitarian Logistics through a bibliometric analysis lens. Field is especially critical for managing disaster relief operations with efficient manner. Integration of technology and how well that integration is done is even more important. However, as is the nature of meta-analysis papers and literature reviews, the paper won’t be specifically about the subject matter itself but the research that is done on it. The main objective would be to gain an idea towards what the past academic literature focused on, and where to go from that point. Utilization of the VOSviewer program will enable us researchers to shine a bright light towards the unexplored areas, putting us in an almost intermediary role. Utilizing the VOSviewer bibliometric analysis tool, allowed us to explore the trends and gaps in the Humanitarian Logistics research as mentioned before. Visualization of co-citation networks, key and important authors and thematic cluster groups helped us identify the highly referenced studies and more under-explored areas. Further research into the collaboration networks shows us that there is very limited overlap between the academia and field practitioners, showing us the need for more interdisciplinary approaches. The interdisciplinary approaches particularly needed were identified as political science and information technology. Bridging the gap between academic research and practical application of technology in Disaster Logistics will only be done through shining a light on lacking areas in research shown to us by bibliometric research.

The Schrödinger Equation Compatible with Classical Mechanics

Runsheng Tu — Mon, 03 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Replace the potential energy in the Hamiltonian operator from electromagnetic interaction potential energy to gravitational interaction potential energy. Define that the kinetic energy of a moving object is equal to its de Broglie wave's hν. Successfully obtained the Schrödinger equation describing planetary motion. The Schrödinger equation itself is a combination of classical mechanics and quantum mechanics. Quantum mechanics based on it cannot completely exclude classical mechanics. Many examples have been introduced where classical mechanics and quantum theory can be combined to describe the same object (whether it is macroscopic or microscopic). Local realism and determinism still have a market in modern physics. Quantum mechanics and classical mechanics have a compatible and complementary relationship.

Determination of Some Cephalosporins in Pharmaceutical Drugs and Treatment of Wastewater by RP-HPLC

Yusuf Yildiz, Alfeen-Mohammad Anas — Thu, 06 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0000

To identify cephalosporins such cefaclor monohydrate, cefalexine monohydrate, and cefadroxil monohydrate in pharmaceutical dosage forms and treated wastewater, a high-performance liquid chromatographic technique was created. Triethylamine: Methanol: Acetonitrile: Ultra-Pure Water (2: 10: 20: 68 v/v%) was used as the mobile phase for isocratic separation on an Enable C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.e., 5.0μm) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. 265 nm was chosen as the PDA detection wavelength. According to the HPLC method, linearity was seen throughout a concentration range of 0.1–80 μg/ml (correlation coefficient=0.999). The developed techniques were verified.

Divide-and-Conquer Strategy with LU Factorization for Inverting Symmetric Positive Definite Matrices

Abdel Radi Abdel Rahman Abdel Gadir Abdel Rahman, Shady Seed EL Okuer — Sat, 11 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

We studied the solution of a system of equations Ax=b with singular and nearly singular, symmetric positive definite coefficient matrix A. Our algorithm based on, the Divide and Conquer strategy leading to the Divide-and-Conquer Algorithm (D&C algorithm) with, LU Factorization algorithm. The LU Factorization was used to convert the matrix into a product of the form LU, where L is a lower triangular matrix and U is upper triangular matrix. The algorithm was been implemented on MATLAB and simulated as a user-subroutine. The user-subroutine is considering MATLAB features for reducing the round-off error especially for sensitive systems. Numerical examples was given of a non- singular matrix and another for ill-conditioned matrix. The effect of round-off error was analyzed. We compared results with previous ones, where LU factorization is used.

Big Mismatch between the New Technology and the Old Mechanistic Viewpoint

Kayoko Awaya — Mon, 03 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0000

There is a big mismatch between the new technology based on the laws in the micro world, and the old mechanistic viewpoint established in the macro world. This is one of the main causes of the chaotic state of recent technology. I explain historically this circumstance and show how to settle this problem by solving the so-called measurement problem of quantum mechanics. These suggest a new worldview which epistemologically unifies the macro and micro worlds, and brings the new technology into order.

Digital Transformation of the Insurance Business as a Factor in the Small Business and Private Entrepreneurship Digitalization

Rustam Azimov, Mirodil Mirsadikov — Thu, 20 Feb 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Azimov, M. Mirsadikov. Digital transformation of the insurance business as a factor in the small business and private entrepreneurship (SBPE) digitalization. The current developing of market relations in Uzbekistan and the improvement of the quality of socio-economic services for businesses and the population of the country to the international standards level require the financial infrastructure of our country to provide a wider range of various services to individuals and legal entities. At the same time, the introduction of new financial instruments and services to overcome existing problems that are prerequisites for the emergence and increase of risks for market relations participants is of particular importance. The SBPE digitalization is significantly behind the insurance business digitalization, which is explained by a lack of knowledge about technologies, shortage of specialized personnel, lack of understanding of the prospects for the implementation of technologies, insufficient development of digital infrastructure and low level of demand for digital goods and services. The digital revolution the insurance business is currently undergoing is a unique opportunity to optimize all business processes, increase added value and generate additional profits. Using the resources of insurance company to improve the digital literacy of SBPE entities will contribute to both expanding the insurance field and increasing the efficiency of SBPE entities.

Conservation of Energy and Momentum of the Photons

Ravi Kumar Chanana — Tue, 21 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In this short communication, conservation of energy and momentum of the photons is described briefly in the differential form, whereby the percentage change in energy due to changing wavelength of scattered or emitted light can be found directly from the known wavelengths of light.

Determination of Sodium in Enoxaparin Sodium (Heparin) by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Y. Yildiz, Yvan Ducheine, R. Karadag — Fri, 17 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Enoxaparin sodium is the salt of a low-molecular-mass heparin that is used to treat thrombotic disorders. Initially approved by the FDA in 1993, it is administered by a subcutaneous or intravenous injection and marketed by the several pharmaceutical companies. The U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP) and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have worked extensively to modernize the unfractionated heparin and enoxaparin monographs. This paper reports the development of the determination of Na in Enoxaparin Sodium (Heparin) by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The method is convenient, and the results show good precision and accuracy. The sodium amount has been found 5.09 ppm (mg/Kg). Correlation coefficient (R²) of 0.9978. The relative standard difference (%RPD) is 1.55% and the rate of recovery is 100.8%. The results show that the concentration of Na meets the USP specifications.

Metal Complexes of Schiff Base Derived from Ethylenediamine, Nitro and Chlorobenzaldehyde; Synthesis, Characterization, Biological and Toxicological Study

Thu, 30 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial and toxicology study of nikel(II), cobalt(II) and manganese (II) complexes with N, N-bidentate ligand derived from 4-nitrobenzaldehyde, 3-chlorobenzaldehyde and ethylenediamine are reported. The synthesized compounds, ligand(L): [C₁₆H₁₃ClN₃O₂] and metal complexes : [NiL(H₂O)₂]SO₄.3H₂O, [Co(L)₂Cl(H₂O)] Cl.4H₂O and [Mn(L)₂SO₄(H₂O)] were characterized by FTIR, G.C-Ms, UV-Vis, (¹H,¹³C) NMR Spectra, elemental analysis, molar conductivity, and susceptibility measurement. The results of spectroscopic studies revealed that Schiff base ligand coordinated with metal ions through the (-C=N) nitrogen atoms in a bidentate form with the evidence of new bonds due to ν(M-N) vibration in metal complexes. The prepared compounds were screened against five bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus, Bascillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, shigella flexneri and two fungi; Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus. The results revealed that both the ligand and its complexes possess good activity against the tested microorganisms. Toxicological results showed that the prepared compounds possess low toxicity level on selected liver function indices in wistar rats compared with the standard drug Amoxicillin.

Assessment of the Effects of Human Settlements on Quality of Ground Water Sources in Lamu Island, Kenya

Nuru Hamid, Hilda Ong'ayo, Najya Muhammed — Tue, 21 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Fresh water is a naturally occurring resource that is found in wells, springs and underground. Its quality is of paramount importance to its domestic and agricultural related activities. The population of Lamu Island in Kenya, has settled and developed along the sand dunes which are the sources of freshwater.The activities they engage has affected the fresh water quality and quantity. Ten (10) water samples from the 34 shallow wells aquifers were analysed for physical, chemical and biological from the southern and northern zone respectively. The analysis results showed that the wells found in the Southern zone of aquifer were more contaminated than the Northern zone wells, based on the descriptive and experimental designs used. Comparatively the Electrical conductivity of the Southern zone wells were significantly higher than the Northern zone wells at 95% Confidence Interval. The demand for fresh water is higher than the supply thereby forcing the authorities to impose water rationing. The study recommends that the Lamu County government develop policies that ensures the sources of fresh water are protected and human settlements are far off from the fresh water aquifer

Palliative Care for Cancer

Giovanna D’Alonzo — Sun, 05 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

There are various studies on the anticancer effect of linoleic acid which also has soothing and hydrating effects. My idea is to create a substance with the right proportions of linoleic acid and biokeratin extracted from chicken feathers. In particular, to dissolve a right percentage of biokeratin in linoleic acid and create a substance to be oxidized and/or reduced using the equipment described in a scientific article of mine in order to hypothesize as a final substance a vaccine and a cure for tumors to be associated with chemotherapy. My hypothesis of a vaccine and/or cure for tumors is proposed starting from biological agents such as linoleic acid and biokeratin which, mixed together in the right proportions and subjected to an oxidation and/or reduction process as described in my article, could give life to biological vaccines and biological supplements to be associated with chemotherapy in cancer patients.

Case Study on the Establishment of a Local Circular Economy Loop through Recycling School Uniforms in a Japanese Countryside

Ryoko Sekifuji, Chieu Le Van, Masafumi Tateda — Sun, 05 Jan 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The fashion industry is known for its significant contribution to global environmental deterioration. The production of clothes consumes tremendous amounts of water and energy, and clothes, usually discarded within a short time, end up in landfill sites and generate secondary environmental pollution. In Japan, the school uniform culture continues to be widely followed and does not meet the global consensus on circular economies. Used uniforms are tucked away at the back of a wardrobe or discarded, although they remain in perfectly good condition. This is a case study of a uniform recycling loop first established by a university and subsequently transferred to a private company. Internet searches and questionnaire surveys were conducted to explore common perceptions of uniforms. In Japan, uniform costs are at least 700 USD when enrolling in public junior high schools. The findings showed that the parents of students strongly supported the uniform recycling project and were willing to pay up to 30% of the original price of uniforms if they were in a good condition.