https://hspublishing.org/ASSM <p><strong>Advances in Social Sciences and Management (ASSM)</strong> is an open access and double blind peer-reviewed international journal published on a bimonthly basis. Our journal aims to provide a platform for scholars and practitioners to share their innovative ideas, methods, and findings in the field of social sciences. In this edition, we have assembled a diverse collection of research articles that cover a broad range of topics within the social sciences. Our contributors come from different parts of the world, and their research draws on a range of theoretical perspectives and methodological approaches. We hope that our readers will find these articles informative and thought-provoking.</p> Headstart Publishing - United Kingdom en-US Advances in Social Sciences and Management 3049-7108 https://hspublishing.org/ASSM/article/view/1572 <p>This paper argues that the absence of a functioning state in post-Gaddafi Libya has not produced indifference toward those who pass through or return to its territory but has instead produced a predatory economy that extracts value from anyone within reach, calibrated not to who a person is but to what that person has to offer. Drawing on United Nations, United States government, and investigative reporting from 2011 through early 2026, the paper identifies four currencies of extraction operating across Libya's fragmented territory: ransom, drawn from anyone with a reachable family member or asset abroad, whether a transiting migrant or a returning professional; forced labor and sexual exploitation, drawn from those with little else to offer; political leverage, drawn from anyone whose documented history of activism or dissent makes them useful to one armed faction or another; and communal liability, drawn from entire families, tribes, or towns associated with a marked individual. None of these currencies depends on the survival of any particular government, including Gaddafi's, because none of them is a function of state policy; each is a function of its absence. The paper concludes that no segment of Libya's population, and no Libyan returning from abroad regardless of class, profession, or political history, can be reliably certified safe under current conditions, since safety within this system would require the absence of anything an armed actor could plausibly extract, a condition that very few people meet.</p> Shaul M. Gabbay Copyright (c) 2026 Shaul M. Gabbay http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2026-07-09 2026-07-09 4 04 34 39 10.63002/assm.404.1572 https://hspublishing.org/ASSM/article/view/1573 <p>Whilst oil ranks among the most powerful resources for transforming economies and driving industrial, infrastructural and human development, its extraction via the Chad–Cameroon pipeline has led to unusual negative outcomes. In Doba, observation, life narratives, interviews and documentary research reveal the roots and tragic effects of the oil curse in sub-Saharan Africa. The article adopts an exploratory approach to examine the foundations of this dire situation, going beyond the usual observations. Drawing on Harold Garfinkel’s ethnomethodology, it identifies four key areas: the nature of the curses prevalent in Black Africa; their specific manifestations in Doba, Chad; the evolution of practices that have enabled their neutralisation; and an empirical approach aimed at normalising the management of oil revenues. The analysis shows that the curse is a social construct rooted in specific configurations of actors.</p> Salomon Bissohong Copyright (c) 2026 Salomon Bissohong http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2026-07-08 2026-07-08 4 04 19 33 10.63002/assm.404.1573 https://hspublishing.org/ASSM/article/view/1574 <p>-</p> Edoardo Casiglia Erik Gadotti Copyright (c) 2026 Edoardo Casiglia, Erik Gadotti http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2026-07-03 2026-07-03 4 04 01 15 10.63002/assm.404.1574 https://hspublishing.org/ASSM/article/view/1576 <p>This article deals with the cultural and educational activities at the Faculty of Philology and Humanities that influence Senegalese students in Russian language and their personal qualities.</p> Ousseynou Tall Copyright (c) 2026 Ousseynou Tall http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2026-07-08 2026-07-08 4 04 16 18 10.63002/assm.404.1576