Comparative Cytomorphological Analysis on Liquid PRFs Produced with DUO Fixed Angle Centrifuge and Oscillating Centrifuge

Abstract

Background: Liquid PRF is an injectable second-generation platelet concentrate rich in platelets, leukocytes, and fibrinogen obtained by centrifugation of autologous blood. Methods: This study aimed to analyze the cellular and fibrinogen content of various types of liquid PRF (C-PRF liquid, A-PRF liquid, i-PRF, liquid fibrinogen) obtained using a swinging centrifuge with Vacumed FL tubes (code 44909) compared to that obtained with a fixed-angle centrifuge DUO and the original S-PRF Sticky tube. This study found that the average accumulation of thrombocytes was approximately 1.5 times higher than that observed in whole blood. Due to the high concentration of platelets and leukocytes, liquid PRFs contain important growth factors for tissue regeneration. Results: In this definitive study we have highlighted that with the use of the Oscillating centrifuge, the type of Liquid PRF with the highest content of Platelets (133.1% vs 122.9%) is the A-PRF liquid (1300 rpm × 5'), the one with the highest content of Monocytes (142.9% vs 125.0%), with a sufficient content of Lymphocytes (220.0% vs 198.7%), Neutrophil Granulocytes (54.0% vs 58.8%) and Fibrinogen (97.1% vs 104.3%), is the i-PRF (700 rpm × 5 min) obtained with the Vacumed FL tube (code 44909) with statistically insignificant differences compared to those obtained with the S-PRF Sticky test tube, while the content of Fibrinogen present in C-PRF (2500 rpm × 8') is higher (104.0% vs 106.5%) obtained with the with S-PRF Sticky tube with a significant difference (p=0.013). Cellular score was also calculated, finding that the type of liquid PRF with the highest score was i-PRF (700 rpm × 5’) extracted with a Vacumed FL tube in a rocking centrifuge (127.17%). Conclusions: Values were significantly higher than those obtained with the Fixed Angle Centrifuge and with the S-PRF Sticky tube. However, when calculating the cellular score, the highest result, equal to 127.2%, was obtained with i-PRF (700 rpm × 5’) with Vacumed FL tube and Oscillating Centrifuge.