Basics Of Modern Methodology Of Research Of Geotechnical And Hydrogeological Systems

Abstract

In the second half of the 20th century, significant changes have taken place in the general scientific methodology, which are connected with the awareness by specialists of the non-linearity of all processes in the surrounding world. As the technical and technological capabilities of scientific research developed, which allowed scientists to penetrate more deeply into the essence of the researched processes and phenomena, it became clear that linear ideas about the development of natural objects (systems) were increasingly unable to explain the inconsistency of the new scientific facts of the theory. A scientific revolution was ripe, which required the formation of new paradigms, approaches, and principles of scientific research. As a result, starting from the 60s of the XX century, new scientific directions based on the concept of nonlinear dynamics began to develop rapidly. The generalization and the result of the rethinking of the paradigms of classical science became the general scientific synergistic paradigm, which absorbed the latest scientific achievements in the field of systems theory, information theory, nonlinear thermodynamics, cybernetics, nonlinear mechanics of continuous medium, etc.