Determinants of Diarrhea Among Under-Five Children-Visiting Government Health Facilities in Nekemte Town, Western Ethiopia: Unmatched Case Control Study

Abstract

Background: Diarrheal disease is the most common cause of illness and the second leading cause of child death next to pneumonia in the World. The aim of the study was to identify the determinants of diarrheal diseases among under five children visiting government health facilities in Nekemte Town, Western Ethiopia. Method: Facility based unmatched case-control study was conducted in Nekemte Town Government Health facilities. Four hundred seventy-seven (159 cases and 318 controls) under five children were selected using consecutive sampling method. Data were cleaned, coded and entered in to Epi data version 3.1 then exported to SPSS version 20 for statistical analysis. Association between dependent and independent variables were computed using multivariable logistic regression and significance of the associations were declared by p-values with their corresponding 95% confidence interval along with adjusted odds ratios. Result: A total of 447 (159 cases and 318 controls) were participated with equal response rate of 100%. In this study: diarrheal morbidity is significantly determined by family income [AOR: 0.435, 95% CI: (0.263-0.72)], supplementary feeding commenced time [AOR: 5.38, 95% CI: (3.23-8.94)] and Measles vaccination [AOR: 3.72, 95% CI: (1.6.9-8.63)] respectively. Conclusion and Recommendation: In this study family income, Supplementary feeding commenced time and measles vaccination status were determinants of diarrhea morbidity among under-five of age visiting public health facilities in Nekemte town. Health service providers should aware mother/caregiver on supplementary feeding commenced time and measles vaccination.