Field Performance Evaluation and Multiplex SNP Marker Application of Selected Varieties of Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek]

Abstract

Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) R.Wilczek] is a drought tolerant orphan legume crop. The aim of the present study was to evaluate fifteen (15) varieties of mungbean using phenological data, yield attributes and SNP marker assisted tools. Field trial was established following standard agronomic practices. Molecular characterization was carried using a multiplex of SNP primers.  Data analysis was done using Minitab 17.0 for data description, test of dependence, correlation and clustering options. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) was calculated using standard the formula. Results confirmed a successful establishment and adaptability of mungbean varieties in the study area. Growth, flowering and yield attributes were excellent.RMG-344 was the best variety in phonological (flowering) and pod yield. Average grain yield was779 kg/ha where COGG-912 produced the highest grain yield of 995.31kg/ha followed by, MH-421 (984.33kg/ha) and ML-818 (933.57kg/ha). Plant biomass had the highest variability among all traits. SNP markers employed were highly polymorphic (average PIC was 0.849). A multiplex of CLM0115, CLM0118 and CLM0119 markers were the most polymorphic in terms of number of polymorphic bands produced, percentage polymorphism and PIC value. ML818 variety was the most divergent variety based on morphological attributes while molecular data showed five different groups of varieties that differ in their genetic constitution for an unknown trait that may be of interest to breeders. IC-39298 variety was ungrouped in the molecular data. The crop is suitable for adoption as a resilient, early maturing and high yielding legume crop.  Selected varieties with quality agronomic traits such as flowering time, pod and seed yield should be included in breeding program. The highly polymorphic markers should be included in mungbean breeding work.