Process Performance and Nutrient Removal in Fish Processing Wastewater Using a Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) Unit for Reuse for Irrigation

Abstract

This study investigated the removal of nitrogen and phosphates in fish processing wastewater through process optimization of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment unit. Raw process wastewater was collected from the Makindi fish farm and was pre-filtered through a mesh of 0.8 mm. The experiment was conducted at a lab scale using commercial Polyethersulfone (PES) membranes submerged in the MBR unit. The pre-filtered wastewater sample was added into a denitrification (anoxic) tank. The process was conducted through continuous recirculation between the aeration and the anoxic tank to enhance the removal of nitrogenous compounds. The recirculation flow rate was 10L/h. A hydraulic residence time (HRT) of approximately 22-25h was maintained, and the aeration rate in the aerobic tank was 100L/min. Aluminum sulphate AI₂(SO₄)₃18H₂O was added continually into the anoxic tank and with constant stirring to enhance the removal of phosphates. A removal rate of 85±2% for NH₄⁺-N, 84±1% for NO₃^- -N, and 69±3% for PO₄^3--P was obtained. The nutrient concentration in the effluent was successfully reduced to an acceptable level with both nitrogenous compounds and phosphate concentrations obtained within the range of < 30 mg/L and ≤ 5 mg/L as per the WHO guidelines for wastewater reuse for irrigation. The results showed a successful process optimization that can be applied to ensure optimized performance of the MBR unit thus improve its effectiveness for the treatment of fish processing wastewater. The study therefore recommends process optimization as a tool for effective removal of nutrients in the MBR system thus making it a potential recycling approach for treatment of fish processing wastewater for reuse for irrigation purposes.