Assessment of Biological Contamination in the Water Supply of Barangay San Pablo, Tubod, Surigao Del Norte, Philippines

Abstract

This study evaluated the biological contaminants of the water supply in Barangay San Pablo, Tubod, Surigao del Norte in collaboration of Local Government Unit of Tubod. Specifically, it aimed to determine the Total Bacterial Count, and Most Probable Number (MPN) of Total and Fecal Coliform; the colony forming unit of total bacterial count through water sample analysis for the health safety of the beneficiaries. Water samples were collected from four key points - watershed, reservoir effluent, pipeline, and household taps in three separate sampling time. Laboratory analysis showed that Total Coliform recorded >8 MPN/mL were noted across sampling periods. The Fecal Coliforms levels ranged from 0 to 4.6 MPN/mL. The Total Bacterial Count was 502 to 593 CFU/mL with the mean of 539.4 CFU/mL. The statistical analysis showed a significant difference with the p = 0.000 compared to Philippine National Drinking Water Quality Standard which sets at <500 CFU/mL acceptable limits. This means that the water supply was contaminated with bacteria including Total and Fecal Coliform rendering unsafe for drinking. The contaminations attributed by fish fecal, human recreational activities and the presence of livestock in the vicinity of watershed and throughout the distribution system. The study recommends regular monitoring and intensive water treatment facility to ensure safe drinking water and sustainable water management which also an essential steps in attaining SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation.