Intelligent Fire Detection Systems: Features, Advantages, and Limitations_Mini Review

Abstract

Structure fires pose a significant problem globally, causing enormous loss of lives, property, and economic damage. Despite advancements in fire safety codes and equipment, current systems are still limited in ensuring efficient evacuation during fire emergencies. Key hindrances to efficient fire emergency evacuation include locating residents during fire, determining effective routes to rescue residents, prompt notifications to civil defense, emergency notifications to nearest hospitals, panic among residents, and identifying the fire's location. The emergence of smart cities and digital disruptive technologies such as AI, IoT, cloud-based platforms, and digital twins (DT) presents a new approach to fire safety. This paper provides a review of the state-of-the-art technical solution for smart fire emergency evacuation using disruptive technologies to improve existing processes. These intelligent and smart systems integrate modern smoke sensors, fire sensors, motion sensors, and visual sensors using IoT protocols and link them to a cloud-based information processing and distribution platform. These systems provide real-time data to the cloud platform via the internet, allowing efficient fire emergency evacuation by providing timely notifications to civil defense, hospitals, and residents, and identifying the location of the fire. The use of digital disruptive technologies has the potential to revolutionize the way we approach fire safety in hyper-dense cities and significantly reduce the impact of structure fires on society and the economy.