Assessment of Vaccination Status and Knowledge about HPV Among Medical Students

Abstract

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a virus whose oncogenic subtypes are responsible for nearly 99% of cervical cancer cases. Cervical cancer is the third most incident cancer among women in Brazil, despite being easily preventable due to the availability of a highly effective vaccine againstHPV. Low vaccination adherence rates may reflect limited knowledge about the virus and its clinical implications. This study aimed to identify HPV-related knowledge and vaccination status among medical students. A cross-sectional study was conducted with students from the 1st to the 12th academic period, using a validated KAP (Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice) questionnaire. Data analyses were performed using Biostat 5.3 software, applying proportion tests with a significant level of 5%. A total of 94 responses were obtained, revealing satisfactory knowledge about HPV. However, limited adherence to the complete vaccination schedule, sporadic condom use, and low participation in cervical cytology screening indicate gaps between knowledge and preventive practices. Reasons for vaccine hesitancy were identified, and educational materials in video and leaflet formats, were developed to enhance awareness. In conclusion, although medical students demonstrate adequate knowledge, continuous educational interventions are necessary to promote the translation of this knowledge into effective protective behaviors for the prevention of HPV and its consequences.